Which document replaced the Articles of Confederation and established a stronger federal government?

The document that replaced the Articles of Confederation and established a stronger federal government is the Constitution. The Articles of Confederation, which served as the governing document for the United States after independence, created a weak central government that struggled to maintain order and manage economic issues among the states. Recognizing the need for a more robust framework, delegates convened at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 to draft a new constitution.

The resultant Constitution created a system of checks and balances among three branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial. This structure ensured that power was distributed and limited, providing the federal government with the authority to effectively govern while still protecting individual liberties. The Constitution has since become the foundational legal document of the United States, guiding its laws and government operation.

Other options, like the Bill of Rights, serve as amendments to the Constitution protecting specific individual liberties but do not function as a replacement for the Articles of Confederation. The Magna Carta is a historical document from 1215 that limited the powers of the monarchy in England but did not directly relate to the framework of the United States government. The Federalist Papers are a series of essays advocating for the ratification of the Constitution but are not documents that replaced the Articles themselves.