Which religious group, known for its beliefs in 17th century England, refers to themselves as the "Society of Friends"?

The group known as the "Society of Friends" is the Quakers, who emerged in the 17th century in England. This religious movement emphasizes inner spiritual experience, the belief in direct communication with God, and the importance of community. Quakers advocate for peace, social justice, and equality, and they practice silent worship, often waiting for the inspiration of the Spirit to speak in their meetings.

The other groups mentioned have distinct beliefs and practices. Methodists, for example, focus on a methodical approach to faith and the importance of personal piety and social justice but do not refer to themselves as the "Society of Friends." Puritans arose in England seeking to purify the Church of England, emphasizing a strict and disciplined religious life, and they have a different historical and theological focus. Baptists emphasize baptism by immersion and the autonomy of local congregations, lacking the emphasis on inner light that characterizes Quaker beliefs. This context highlights why the Quakers are the correct answer to the question.