Which term describes a legislative proposal that is placed directly on the ballot for a vote as a result of a citizen's petition?

The correct term for a legislative proposal that is placed directly on the ballot for a vote due to a citizen's petition is an "initiative." This process allows citizens to propose laws or constitutional amendments directly, bypassing the legislature. It exemplifies direct democracy, as it encourages public participation in the legislative process. When a certain number of signatures is collected in support of the proposal, the initiative is put on the ballot for voters to decide.

In contrast, a referendum typically involves a vote on a specific legislative act or policy already proposed and passed by the legislature, allowing voters to approve or reject it. A recall refers to a procedure that allows citizens to remove an elected official from office before their term ends. A plebiscite is often used to let voters make decisions on specific issues or changes, but it is not specifically about legislative proposals initiated by citizens.

Recognizing the nuances among these terms is crucial for understanding how different forms of direct participation in government function.