Whose writings in the social contract influenced the Declaration of Independence by outlining unalienable rights?

The writings of John Locke had a profound influence on the Declaration of Independence, particularly in the articulation of the concept of unalienable rights. Locke's philosophy centered around the idea that individuals possess inherent rights simply by being human, such as the rights to life, liberty, and property. He argued that the primary role of government is to protect these rights and that a government's legitimacy arises from the consent of the governed.

This notion resonated strongly with the authors of the Declaration, who sought to justify their separation from British rule. They articulated a vision of government that reflected Locke's ideas, emphasizing that individuals are entitled to certain rights that cannot be taken away. In fact, the preamble to the Declaration famously proclaims that all men are created equal and endowed with certain unalienable rights, among them life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness—ideas that directly stem from Locke’s philosophy.

While other thinkers like Hobbes and Rousseau also contributed to social contract theory, their views diverged in key areas regarding rights and the nature of government, making Locke's influence particularly significant for the context of American independence.